抗生素相关性腹泻（antibiotic-associated diarrhea，AAD）指各种原因应用抗生素后出现腹泻等症状，是抗生素应用后最常见的并发症之一。AAD与诸多危险因素相关，并呈现出临床异质性。随着医学技术的不断进步，医学领域对AAD的认识不断加深，相关研究取得较大进展。笔者拟就AAD的相关进展进行综述，为其诊治和预防提供一定参考。

随着空军战训模式的转变，飞行员面临跨昼夜、长航时飞行等挑战，身心负荷加重，飞行疲劳问题突出。因此，及时有效地检测飞行员的疲劳程度，合理安排作息，对于预防人为事故、保障飞行安全具有重要意义。笔者阐述飞行疲劳的概念与产生原因，总结分析国内外疲劳检测方法及其在飞行领域的应用，展望飞行疲劳检测技术的发展前景，旨在为相关研究工作提供参考。

Objective To explore the effects of simultaneous physical activities on subjective load perception, work performance and heart rate variability（HRV）in the process of accomplishing cognitive tasks. Methods Thirty-three eligible male subjects completed 2-back cognitive tasks under three isotonic physical load conditions（0, 3, 5 Kg）of the left upper limb（with one week interval between conditions）, and their ECG signals were collected during the whole process. After the task, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task load index（NASA-TLX）scale was used to evaluate the subjective task load of the subjects, and their cognitive performance（mean reaction time, correct rate, etc.）was recorded. Results Compared with none physical activity, moderate physical and high physical activities significantly increased subjects' subjective load during cognitive tasks（t=2.235~14.841, all P<0.05）, average reaction time（t=－2.263, －3.284, P=0.031, 0.002）and the wrong responsing rate of cognitive tasks（Z=－2.978, P=0.003）. At the same time, the physical load also significantly increased the operator's heart rate（Z=－4.899, P<0.001）and the low-frequency power value of heart rate variability（Z=－2.253, P=0.024）, while high frequency components were significantly decreased（Z=－2.010, P=0.044）. However, there was no statistical difference in functional status between medium and high physical load（P>0.05）. Conclusion During cognitive tasks, the physical load of the operator will further intensify the perception of task load, reduce execution ability, and cause the increase of sympathetic nerve tension. The results of this research provide a theoretical basis for the real-time evaluation of pilots' mental load in flight.

Objective To accomplish simulated design of experiments for detection of impulse noise from explosive cutting during aircraft escape in order to protect against hearing damage. Methods The relationship between the proportional distance of the overpressure estimation of the impulse noise from explosion cutting during aircraft escape and the point of measurement of bombing in the cockpit of the aircraft was analyzed according to the overpressure evaluation standard stipulated in the safety threshold of auditory damage by impulse noise. Then, simulated design was initiated based on the spatial and temporal characteristics of the instantaneous ejection of the pilot and on the ejection design of the aircraft cockpit and seat. The instantaneous scenario of explosion cutting during aircraft escape was analyzed and simulated. An experimental platform was built with adjustable points of explosion and measurement that were accurately simulated in each posture of the seat. Finally, ground experiments for detection of explosion cutting were carried out and data was collected and analyzed. Results The simulated design was completed based on the cockpit scenario of explosive cutting during aircraft escape. The values of impulse noise overpressure calculated by the two experiments were 165.9 dB and 165.2 dB, respectively. The results of simulated experiments were consistent with the peak value of impulse noise of the measurement curve. In the experiment, the sound insulation value of the helmet was 21.8 dB and the actual value of sound insulation of the helmet was 22 dB. Conclusion The simulated design of experiments for detection of impulse noise from explosion cutting during aircraft escape can provide data for pilots' protection against hearing damage and other research.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease（CSVD）in pilots. Methods The clinical data of pilots who were hospitalized at the Air Force Characteristic Medical Center between January 2019 and December 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. The case group consisted of 72 pilots who were diagnosed with CSVD by MRI（n=72）, while the control group was composed of 72 pilots who were selected randomly at the ratio of 1:1 and showed no abnormality as confirmed by MRI（n=72）. The differences in risk factors of CSVD and in flight factors between the two groups were studied. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of small cerebral vascular disease in pilots. Results White matter hypertensity（WMH）and enlarged perivascular space（EPVS）were more common in the CSVD group of pilots. There was a combination of multiple imaging subtypes, and there were far more risk factors in the CSVD group than in the control group. Single factor analysis showed that the total flight time and annual flight time in the CSVD group were longer than in the control group [1 875.00（517.50, 2 975.00）h vs 1 000.00（368.50, 2 200.00）h, P=0.027], [126.83（104.55, 153.35）h vs 115.77（90.50, 136.46）h, P=0.021]. The proportion of smoking pilots and those of high-performance fighters in the CSVD group was higher than in the control group [22% vs 5.6%（χ²=8.36, P=0.004）], [29.2% vs 13.9%（χ²=7.05, P=0.029）]. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that smoking（OR=3.304, 95%CI: 1.172~9.317, P=0.024）, types of aircraft（OR=4.607, 95%CI: 1.596~13.298, P=0.005）and annual flight time（OR=2.699, 95%CI: 1.085~6.716, P=0.033）were risk factors for CSVD. Conclusion Smoking, types of high performance fighters and average annual flight time can impact the occurrence of CSVD in pilots.

Objective To bring more artificial intelligence into the design of fighter cockpits based on the pilot-centered concept and by finding out about the specific requirements on the part of fighter pilots. Methods A targeted "Questionnaire on the Intelligent Use of Aircraft Cockpits in the Basic Flight Stage" was designed for a survey. Two hundred and ninety-six male pilots were randomly selected as respondents who were required to recall what they needed to manually observe, judge, and calculate in various flight tasks. The results of the survey were analyzed and expert opinions were solicited before the intelligent design of a new fighter cockpit was proposed. Results A total of 3 182 suggestions were collected, 2 997 of which were related to intelligentization of the cockpit, accounting for 94.19%. A total of 52 requirements on AI of the cockpit were identified, 34 of which were prioritized by pilots. In particular, there were four items that pilots attached importance to in all the five task stages, namely autonomous driving, intelligent voice（including warnings）, intelligent collision avoidance, and voice control. Conclusion The survey results mentioned in this article can provide important reference for optimizing the human-machine adaptability design of control interfaces of fighter cockpits, enhancing the intelligence level of future new fighter cockpits, and reducing the workload of pilots.

Objective To evaluate the effects of corona virus disease 2019（COVID-19）infection on cardiopulmonary function of military aircrews, and to explore methods for aeromedical assessment of post-infection military aircrews. Methods The twenty military aircrews infected with COVID-19 who were hospitalized and underwent physical examination in the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Team were selected as the experimental group while another twenty military aircrews without COVID-19 infection that matched in gender, age, BMI and hours of flight were selected as the matched group. Resting pulmonary function test and cardiopulmonary exercise test were performed to evaluate cardiopulmonary function. According to the results of health checkups, the post-infection aeromedical assessment of the military aircrews was carried out in combination with the types of aircraft and jobs. Results The comparison of resting pulmonary function between the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in forced vital capacity（FVC）, peak expiratory flow（PEF）, forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV1）, forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity（FEV1/FVC）, maximal expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity（MEF50）, maximal expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity（MEF75）, maximal voluntary ventilation（MVV）or the corresponding measured value/predicted value percentage（all P>0.05）. Results of cardiopulmonary exercise tests in both groups showed that the pea exercise power（LOAD）, peak oxygen uptake（VO₂peak）, peak oxygen uptake/kilogram（VO₂peak/kg）, anaerobic threshold（AT）, anaerobic threshold/kilogram（AT/kg）, peak metabolic equivalents（METS）, peak oxygen pulse（O₂pulse max）, peak ventilation volume（VE）and the corresponding percentage of measured value/predicted value in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the matched group（t=2.611~6.114, all P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in heart rate recovery（HRR）, maximum heart rate（HRmax）, or respiratory exchange ratio（RER）between the two groups（all P>0.05）. The aeromedical assessment of twenty military aircrews infected with COVID-19 showed that eighteen of them were qualified for flying（two of them were confined to flying observation）and two military aircrews were temporarily grounded. Conclusion COVID-19 infection can significantly reduce the cardiopulmonary function of military aircrews, which poses a threat to flight safety. For the purpose of more effective aeromedical assessment, it is recommended that military aircrews within 2 months of COVID-19 infection be required to undergo cardiopulmonary exercise tests（CPET）prior to resumption of flight.

睡眠障碍目前已成为严重影响人们身心健康及工作生活质量的公共卫生问题，高海拔特殊环境下人体睡眠结构及体内激素变化，更易导致睡眠障碍。在此环境下，军事人员发生睡眠障碍的概率增加，影响个体战训效能及部队战斗力，因此，该类人群的睡眠状况更值得关注。寻找一种安全、有效的方式来改善睡眠，提高特殊环境军事人员的战训效能是卫勤保障部门的重要职责。褪黑素以其半衰期短、有效改善睡眠、不影响次日工作效能及增强体能等优点引起人们广泛关注。笔者以高海拔地区军事人员睡眠状况为出发点，将褪黑素改善睡眠的优点和其在特殊作业环境中的应用价值作为重点进行综述，为褪黑素在高海拔特殊环境下军事人员中的应用提供依据。

Objective To explore the mechanism of action of naringin in the treatment of atherosclerosis based on network pharmacology and vitro cellular assays. Methods The PubChem platform and Pharmmapper online analysis platform were used to obtain targets of naringin, and Genecards, PharmGkb, TTD, Disgenet and Drugbank databases were searched for targets related to atherosclerosis diseases. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed to screen for the core targets while the main pathways and target proteins were screened via GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was performed to determine the molecular basis of the interactions between naringin and the core targets. In vitro experiments were conducted with human umbilical vein endothelial cells（HUVEC）to verify the predicted results. Results A total of 220 potential targets of naringin were screened, 5 253 targets were related to atherosclerosis, and 94 co-acting targets were identified. GO functional annotation resulted in a total of 281 entries, including 215 biological processes, 25 cellular components, and 41 molecular functions. KEGG enrichment revealed a total of 36 pathways related to therapies for atherosclerosis. The molecular docking results demonstrated that naringin bound well to the five core targets. The results of cellular experiments showed that naringin could significantly reduce the migration and adhesion ability of HUVEC. Conclusion Naringin may inhabit atherosclerosis by regulating lipids, proteoglycan in cancer and MAPK signaling pathways through such key targets as the kinase insert domain receptor, recombinant plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 which exert anti-atherosclerosis effects by regulating endothelial cell function, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis.

现代空军对载人离心机的技术需求在不断增加，但目前载人离心机的控制工程依然存在较大的研究空间。为了研究载人离心机控制工程技术的发展状况，笔者选取近20年来国内外该领域及相关领域的部分文献进行综述，探讨自国内第三代载人离心机投入使用以来，载人离心机控制工程在生物医学工程和软件算法等领域的新发展。笔者通过对载人离心机的控制工程进展进行总结综述，希望研究人员在今后的研究中借鉴其先进经验，为我军所用。

Objective Investigate the situation of neck and back pain in flight pilots and cadets, analyze the relevant risk factors, and provide reference for the early and targeted prevention and treatment of neck and back pain in flight pilots and cadets. Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate the incidence of neck and low back pain among pilots, the questionnaire included basic information, military training, physical training, and neck and back pain. 272 flight personnel divided into the instructor group and cadet group. Both groups were re-divided into a group with neck and low back pain and one without. Univariate analysis was conducted to identify risk factors for neck and low back pain. Results Among the 272 pilots, 75（27.6%）suffered from neck and low back pain, including 15 cadets（9.3%）and 60 instructors（54.5%）, so the difference was statistically significant（χ²=67.279, P<0.001）. Forty-one pilots were afflicted with chronic neck and low back pain（15.1%）, including 4 cadets（2.5%）and 37 instructors（33.6%）, and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=49.714, P<0.001）. The difference in the incidence of neck and back pain between pilots of different age groups, BMI, and flight time was statistically significant（χ²=64.022, 23.585, 73.262, all P<0.001）. The incidence among pilots ages 31 and older, with a BMI of above 24 kg/m²and a flight time over 1 000 h was higher than among those ages 30 and younger, whose BMI was below 24 kg/m² and flight time was 1 000 h or less（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in military training, physical training, and neck and back pain among flight trainees and instructors with or without neck and back pain in each group（all P<0.05）. The risk factors for neck and low back pain among pilots included a cumulative flight time of over 1 000~2 000 h（OR=14.191, 95%CI: 4.213~47.802, P<0.001）and 2 000 h（OR=18.412, 95%CI: 6.850~49.492, P<0.001）, invasive treatment（OR=13.835, 95%CI: 2.264~84.549, P=0.004）, poor posture（OR=3.937, 95%CI: 1.649~9.398, P=0.002）and improper methods of exercise（OR=2.735, 95%CI: 1.096~6.824, P=0.002）. The risk factors in the instructor group included a flight time of over 1 000~2 000 h（OR=115.580, 95%CI: 3.164~4 221.890, P=0.010）and 2 000 h（OR=197.790, 95%CI: 5.226~7 486.187, P=0.004）, lack of guidance for prevention and treatment of neck and low back pain（OR=20.010, 95%CI: 3.932~101.836, P<0.001）, poor posture at ordinary times（OR=4.586, 95%CI: 1.232~17.075, P=0.023）and too long a single flight（OR=5.346, 95%CI: 1.347~21.212, P=0.017）. Conclusion The prevention and treatment of neck and low back pain require attention to both flight related factors and non-flight factors so as to effectively reduce the prevalence of neck and low back pain among flight personnel.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of VR（virtual reality）simulated flight environment provocation tests in electroencephalogram（EEG）monitoring. Methods Based on the occupational environmental characteristics of flight personnel, this study designed VR-simulated flight glasses（Patent No. ZL202320554741.9）incorporating such scenarios as aircraft takeoff and landing, formation flight, maneuvering flight, and snow flight. From September 2020 to September 2023, 60 flight personnel, 60 healthy volunteers, and 100 patients with epilepsy underwent video-EEG monitoring and VR-simulated induction tests. The effectiveness of the VR simulated induction test was demonstrated by comparing the positive detection rates in different induction tests. Results Among the 100 patients with epilepsy, 2（2%）were positive for intermittent photic stimulation（IPS）, 2（2%）for hyperventilation（HV）, and 3（3%）for the VR simulated flight test. Both IPS and HV were negative in the 60 flight personnel and 60 healthy subjects. Additionally, 1 of the 60 flight personnel experienced dizziness during the VR-simulated flight test, while 7 of the 60 healthy subjects felt dizzy during the test, with 1 discontinuing the test due to dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. Conclusion The VR simulated provocation tests have demonstrated good safety and the ability to induce epileptiform discharges. However, more studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate the feasibility of using this approach during EEG monitoring of aircrew members.

Objective To find out about the current incidence of xerophthalmia in military pilots and analyze the causes. Methods A total of 660 military pilots who sought treatment at the 988th Hospital of the Logistic Support Force between March 2021 and January 2023 were selected as the subjects. A survey involving questionnaires about basic information, Ocular Surface Disease Index（OSDI）surveys, and ophthalmological examinations were conducted. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the factors contributing to xerophthalmia in military pilots, and factors with statistically significant differences were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis. Results The results of OSDI showed that 45.45%（300/660）of the pilots had signs of dry eyes, including mild dry eye signs（81.67%, 245/300）, moderate dry eye signs（10.00%, 30/300）and severe dry eye signs（8.33%, 25/300）. Based on diagnostic criteria for xerophthalmia, pilots diagnosed with xerophthalmia accounted for 8.94%（59/660）. Logistic regression showed that the age ranged from 41 to 50 years（OR=3.089, P=0.010）. Total flight time: >1 500~2 500 h（OR=6.352, P=0.003）, >2 500~3 500 h（OR=4.626, P=0.010）, >3 500~5 000 h（OR=9.210, P<0.001）, >5 000 h or more（OR=26.577, P=0.001）. Frequent dry mouth during flight（OR=5.924, P=0.032）, daily use of video display terminal >4 h（OR=4.631, P=0.005）were the risk factors for dry eyes. And watching video display terminal >1 h without resting eyes（OR=0.143, P<0.001）was the protective factor for dry eyes. Conclusion The prevalence of xerophthalmia among military pilots is relatively high, suggesting the need to exercise more effective control over xerophthalmia as required by pilots in order to prevent the occurrence and progression of xerophthalmia.

Objective To explore the changes of physiological indexes in 24-hour marine survival training, and to provide a reference for exploring health protection methods for marine survival training. Methods Sixteen soldiers well-trained in aviation lifesaving were selected from an Air Force base. They were divided into the morning group（9:00）and the afternoon group（18:00）according to the time of skydiving into the water. Body composition, blood pressure, and urine routines were measured before and after 24-hour marine survival training. The physiological changes of diet, water intake, urine outputs, body temperature, and heart rate were recorded. Results After marine survival training, weight, FFM, muscle mass, tobal body water, tobal body water ratio and BMI of the sixteen soldiers decreased（t=5.555~18.944, all P<0.001）while body fat ratio（t=3.330, P=0.005）, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure（t=5.393, 3.706, P<0.001, =0.002）increased. The changes of urine were abnormal in four subjects. There were no statistically significant differences in body composition, blood pressure, urine pH or urine specific gravity between the morning and afternoon groups before and after training（P>0.05）. During the marine survival training, the lowest dietary intake was 36.5 g while the highest was 292.0 g. Two of the subjects drank no water, the highest water intake was 500 ml among the rest. The urine outputs ranged from 500 to 3 000 ml. Rash and skin pruritus were found in eleven subjects. The average axillary body temperature of the morning group was higher than that of the afternoon group totally in the water. The average heart rate of the morning group was lower than that of the afternoon group. There was statistically significant difference between the morning and afternoon groups in axillary temperature and heart rate that changed with the length of time in the water（F=18.456, 29.114, P=0.005, 0.001）. Conclusion During the 24 hours of marine survival training, body temperature and heart rate were relatively stable. After training, the subjects lost weight, total body water decreased, and skin discomfort was common, which can provide a reference for aeromedical support for marine survival training.

航空医学鉴定的核心在于综合判断疾病预后风险以及疾病与飞行安全之间的关系。笔者系统探讨军事飞行人员的航空医学鉴定理论，旨在通过规范化和结构化的鉴定思维，提出航空医学鉴定基本公理，补充完善航空医学鉴定理论体系，通过简化与结构化鉴定流程，增加鉴定的规范性与客观性。该理论在明确“飞行不良事件”系列概念的基础上，提出航空医学鉴定思维路径，通过具体案例展示理论的实际应用情况。不仅有助于提高专家间的沟通效率，也为航空医学鉴定的教学和实践工作提供新思路，期望对航空医学鉴定学科的长期科学发展提供帮助与借鉴。

Objective To analyze how the liquid temperatures at the end of the infusion tube are affected in order to facilitate the evacuation and rewarming by helicopters. Methods Using the control variable method, the effects of heating temperatures of the heating infusion rewarming device, infusion flow rate, infusion tube length and insulation layer on liquid temperatures at the end of the infusion tube were monitored in the ground cabin and flight environment respectively before the influencing factors were analyzed. The temperature values at each point of the infusion tube were calculated via interpolation, and fitting calculation was carried out for the common parameters of infusion. Results The heating temperature of the heating infusion rewarming device was set at 42 ℃, and the infusion flow at 50, 100, 160, 240, 320, 400, 500 ml/h and 600 ml/h respectively. The results showed that the temperatures at the beginning and the end of the infusion tube gradually decreased with the increase of infusion flow. When the infusion flow rate is 240~320 ml/h, the liquid temperature at the end of the infusion tube is the highest. The liquid temperatures of the infusion tube changed with the flow rate in the flight environment and on the ground. The data other than the test points was calculated quantitatively, and the surface map temperatures at each point was obtained. The results calculated using different interpolation methods were consistent. The results of fitting calculation showed that linearity was good when the liquid flow rate ranged from 240 to 320 ml/h, and the error between the calculated results and the experimental data was below 0.5 ℃. Conclusion The experimental data on and patterns of temperature change of infusion liquid are of referential value for nursing operations related to evacuation and rewarming by helicopters.

介绍空运中转医疗队配属航空兵场站医院3种保障模式，即空运中转医疗队独立开设空运医疗后送中转机构保障模式、空运中转医疗队与场站医院实施整建制融合式保障模式和空运中转医疗队组建模块化小分队支援式保障模式，并分析不同配属模式的利弊，为全军卫勤力量建设提供参考。

输尿管子宫内膜异位症（ureteral endometriosis，UE）是一种病症，其中活跃的子宫内膜组织种植在输尿管周围或直接侵犯输尿管本身。UE的发病过程隐匿，且通常缺乏特异性症状和体征，导致早期诊断极为困难。由于临床处理复杂，并且严重威胁到患者的身心健康，其诊疗过程需要多学科医师的共同参与。笔者综述UE的流行病学、发病机制、临床表现、体格检查、诊断与鉴别诊断和治疗方法等多个方面，旨在为医师的临床诊疗工作提供参考和指导。

Objective To acknowledge the characteristic and causes of bone and joint injuries of flying personnel, to present health care strategies for improving health status of flying personnel and prolonging working life. Methods By analyzing the basic information, first diagnosis, age and flying time of flying personnel hospitalized in our department in recent ten years and by illustrating the features of disease spectrum of bone and joint injuries and analyzing the chief cause of injuries. Results From 2013 to 2022, there were 101 flying personel hospitalized in our department for bone and joint injuries. Sports related injuries accounted for 62.4%, with patients suffering knee joint injuries accounting for the highest proportion（25.6%）. From 2013 to 2016, the proportion of inpatients due to bone and joint injuries accounted for 1.9% of the total number of hospitalizations. After 2016, the proportion increased to 4.4%, and there was a statistical difference between the two groups（χ²=10.348, P=0.001）. From 2013 to 2016, sports training injuries accounted for 20%, and after 2016, sports training injuries accounted for 69.77%, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups（χ²=13.480, P<0.001）. Conclusion The occurrence of bone and joint injuries in flying personnel is highly correlated with the sports training plan. It is suggested to optimize the training contents and reduce the incidence of bone and joint injuries.

Objective To analyze the clinical and endoscopic features and prognostic factors of primary small intestinal lymphoma in order to improve the diagnostic efficiency and provide data for prognostic evaluation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical data and endoscopic features of patients with primary small intestinal lymphoma who had accepted balloon-assisted enteroscopy（BAE）at our center between January 2008 and November 2022. Treatments and prognosis were evaluated after a detailed follow-up. The clinical manifestations and endoscopic features of small intestinal lymphoma patients were summarized according to pathological types and clinical stages. Also, the survival curve after diagnosis and poor prognosis（death）related factors were analyzed. Independent predictors of poor prognosis（death）were explored via the COX proportional-hazards model. Results Thirty-three patients with primary small intestinal lymphoma with follow-up results were included for analysis, with an average age of（55.8±1.6） years old. The clinical manifestations were abdominal pain（75.8%）, gastrointestinal obstruction（48.6%）, gastrointestinal bleeding（39.4%）, and weight loss（45.5%）. The pathological types of cases were B-cell lymphoma（28 cases, 84.8%）and T-cell lymphoma（5 cases, 15.2%）. The former included 17 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma（51.5%）, 6 cases of follicular cell lymphoma（18.2%）, and 5 cases of mucosal associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma（MALT lymphoma）（15.2%）. The diagnostic rate of endoscopic biopsy for B-cell lymphoma was relatively high（>80%）, while the rate of pathological diagnosis of MALT lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma was reduced with BAE-biopsy. Patients with advanced imaging staging had a significantly higher risk of death, and there was significant difference in median survival time between the two groups of patients（P<0.05）. Independent risk factors for death in patients with primary small intestinal lymphoma included moderate to severe anemia（HR=6.377，95%CI: 1.245~32.657, P=0.026）, T-cell lymphoma（HR=24.694, 95%CI: 2.978~204.767, P=0.003）, and progression stage in imaging assessment（HR=6.923, 95%CI: 1.871~25.620, P=0.004）. Conclusion BAE combined with biopsy is critical to the diagnosis of small intestinal lymphoma. Moderate to severe anemia, progression stage in imaging assessment, and T-cell lymphoma might be associated with poor prognosis for small intestinal lymphoma.

Objective To establish an evaluation method for visual attention ability in flight spatial orientation. Methods 168 fighter pilots took part in the study. Thirty-two fighter pilots were selected as the subjects before tasks and indicators for evaluation were determined via experiments using static attention scales, desktop dynamic simulation flight experimental systems, and illusion simulation training systems. An evaluation system was developed and 35 pilots were enrolled in the experiment to test the reliability and validity of the system. Test data from 195 pilots was used to establish the score norm for evaluation. Results The dual task in which the primary task was simulating flight while the secondary task was responding to the warning information was used as the evaluation paradigm. The primary task involved five tasks of simulating flight combat or stages, while the secondary tasks included 2-level response tasks to information on warning and attention. Thirteen evaluation indicators were identified. The retest reliability and criterion-related validity of the evaluation system were 0.993 and 0.753, respectively, both of which were statistically significant（P<0.001）. Conclusion Tasks and indexes for evaluation of pilots' visual attention ability in spatial orientation have been established, which have proved the good reliability and validity of the system. At the same time, a set of evaluation methods has been established, which can be used for the selection, evaluation and training of pilots' visual attention ability in spatial orientation.

Objective To investigate the nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice（KAP）as well as dietary and nutritional status of pilots, and analyze the results in conjunction with physical examination so as to provide data for related dietary and nutrition support. Methods A total of 438 pilots in Qingdao and Hangzhou Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy from March 2021 to March 2022 were selected using the random sampling method and investigated with a nutritional KAP questionnaire, whose dietary status was studied using the weighing method for three consecutive days. At the same time, physical examination was carried out. Results The highest and lowest score of nutritional KAP of the pilots was 46 and 30 respectively, with an average score of 39.26±4.03（the full score was 50 points）. Compared with the standard dietary reference intakes, the daily intakes of meat, poultry and vegetable oil by each pilot exceeded standards, while the intakes of cereals, aquatic products, fruits, beans and dairy products fell short of the standard. The intakes of energy, protein, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, selenium, vitamin E, vitamin A and niacin exceeded the standard, while those of vitamin B₂, vitamin B₁ and zinc were insufficient. The over-intake of energy was related to the excessive intake of cooking oil while the excessive sodium intake was associated with excessive salt intake. Compared with the standard dietary reference intakes, the energy supply ratio was higher in protein and fat, but lower in carbohydrates. There were 348 patients with abnormal physical examination, accounting for 79.45%. The detection rates of overweight, hyperuricemia, fatty liver and hyperlipidemia were 39.04%, 16.21%, 9.13% and 7.08%, respectively. Conclusion The nutritional KAP levels of pilots is low and the dietary structure is unbalanced. The incidence of overweight, hyperuricaemia, fatty liver, and hyperlipidaemia are high. There is a high correlation between the three factors. Actively carry out diet nutrition and health education for flight personnel, strengthen scientific meal preparation guidance, and reduce the incidence of nutrition-related chronic diseases.

Objective To explore the curative effect of auricular point sticking and pressing combined with acupoint massage against adverse reactions of chemotherapy among pancreatic cancer patients. Methods Ninety-three patients under pancreatic cancer chemotherapy were randomized to the control group, experimental group A and in experimental group B, with 31 in each group. Patients in the control group underwent conventional treatment, those in experimental group A received conventional treatment plus auricular point sticking and pressing, and those in experimental group B were given conventional treatment plus auricular point sticking and pressing and acupuncture massage. The physical symptoms of nausea, vomiting, fatigue and self-efficacy were observed. Results After 48 h of intervention, the Index of Nausea，Vomiting and Retching of all 3 groups were lower than those at 12 h and 24 h after intervention（all P<0.001）; the Index of Nausea，Vomiting and Retching of the control group were higher than those of the trial 1 and 2 groups（P<0.009, P<0.001, respectively）, and the scores of the trial 1 group were higher than those of the trial 2 group（P=0.014）. After 48 h of intervention, the scores of Piper Fatigue Scale-Revised were lower in all 3 groups than at 12 h and 24 h post-intervention（all P<0.001）; the scores of Piper Fatigue Scale-Revised scores were lower in trial 1 and 2 groups than in the control group（P<0.038, P<0.012, respectively）, and there was no difference between trial 1 group and 2 group（P=0.969）.After 48h of intervention, the scores of Strategies Used by People to Promote Health decreased in the control group compared to 12 h and 24 h post-intervention（both P<0.001）, while the scores in trial 1 and 2 groups increased compared to 12 h and 24 h post-intervention（both P<0.001）; the scores of Strategies Used by People to Promote Health in trial 1 and 2 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group（both P<0.001）, while the scores in trial 2 group were slightly higher than those in trial 1 group（P=0.132）. Conclusion Compared with the conventional treatment of pancreatic cancer, auricular point sticking and pressing combined with acupoint massage can effectively mitigate adverse reactions in the process of chemotherapy, lower the incidence of nausea, vomiting, fatigue, reduce the pressure of patients under treatment, enhance patients' self-efficacy, help patients face up to treatment.

目的 探讨部队医院派驻门诊医疗机构建设背景下为军服务满意度及影响因素，本研究从需求视角为新的医疗保障模式下派驻门诊医疗机构提供有效建议。方法 采用便利抽样法于2023年4—6月抽取8个驻京派驻门诊医疗机构的2 848名服务保障对象进行问卷调查，用Logistic回归分析为军服务满意度影响因素。结果 为军服务总体满意度得分为（3.86±0.509）分，处于“非常满意”和“满意”之间，满意度为96.45%。Logistic回归分析结果显示，派驻门诊医疗机构的服务态度、硬件设施、药品保障、费用核销是影响为军服务满意度的重要因素（P=0.001~0.011）。其中，服务态度是影响满意度最突出的因素（OR=40.639，95%CI：14.772~111.802）。结论 派驻门诊医疗机构需结合自身发展情况和规划，在服务态度、硬件设施、药品保障和费用核销方面，优化服务保障流程，提升服务保障质量，推动为军服务满意度提高。

Objective To explore the detection rate of pulmonary nodules and influencing factors in military aircrews. Methods A total of 2 283 military aircrews who were recuperating in Qingdao Navy Special Service Recuperation Center in 2022 were selected as subjects. Low-dose spiral computed tomography（LDCT）of the chests was performed on all the subjects, and 225 cases of pulmonary nodules were detected, all of which were benign ones. These subjects were divided into the pulmonary nodule group（n=225）and non-pulmonary nodule group（n=2 058）. Data on their gender, age, height, weight, aircraft type, cumulative flight time, personnel type, education level, birthplace, family history of cancer, long-term smoking history, long-term drinking history, novel coronavirus（COVID-19 for short）infection history, white blood cell count（WBC）, platelet count（PLT）, long-term exercise, eating habits, sleep quality, stress, work or life satisfaction was collected. χ² test or t-test analysis was used to find out about the difference between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors for pulmonary nodules in military aircrews. Results A total of 225 cases of pulmonary nodules were detected in 2 283 military aircrews, with a detection rate of 9.86%. There were 162 cases of single pulmonary nodules and 63 cases of multiple ones. Three hundred and twenty-six pulmonary nodules were detected. Among them 61 were in the upper-left lobe, 66 in the upper-right lobe, 32 in the middle right lobe, 89 in the lower left lobe, and 78 in the lower right lobe. Pulmonary nodule size: 233 nodules with a diameter less than 5 millimeters, 91 nodules with a diameter between 5 and 10 millimeters, and 2 nodules with a diameter greater than 10 to 19 millimeters. As for density, 259 were solid nodules, 26 partially solid nodules, and 41 non-solid nodules（ground glass nodules）. The results of single factor analysis showed that the odds of pulmonary nodules in military aircrews were related to age（t=8.882, P<0.001）, cumulative flight time（χ²=9.511, P=0.023）, long-term smoking history（χ²=15.595, P<0.001）, long-term exercise（χ²=10.053, P=0.002）and diet habits（χ²=6.777, P=0.009）. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the type of aircraft and personnel, age, long-term smoking history and heavy flavored diet（salty, spicy, greasy）were independent risk factors for pulmonary nodules in military aircrews（OR=1.275, 5.237, 1.568, 95%CI: 1.104~2.689, 1.873~8.635, 1.123~3.356, all P<0.001）, while long-term exercise was an independent protective factor against pulmonary nodules（OR=0.572, 95%CI: 0.568~0.902, P<0.001）. Conclusion The detection rate of pulmonary nodules in military aircrews is lower than in general populations, and its occurrence is related to various factors, among which age, long-term smoking history, heavy taste diet（salty, spicy, greasy）are independent risk factors while long-term exercise is an independent protective factor.

Objective To investigate the expression levels and prognostic value of cytochrome b synthase（CYB）561 in breast cancer. Methods The expression level of CYB561 was compared between 76 patients with breast cancer and 40 patients with benign breast disease by immunohistochemistry. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival and log-rank test was performed. Determinants of survival prognosis of breast cancer were explored via COX regression analysis. Results The results of immunohistochemical scoring showed that the expression level of CYB561 was higher in breast cancer tissues than in normal ones（t=7.33, P=0.005）, and in patients with pathological grade Ⅲ breast cancer than in those who pathological grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ（t=12.32, P<0.001）. The difference in expression levels of CYB561 in the four breast cancer subtypes subjected to ANOVA between the four groups was statistically significant（F=229.247, P<0.001）. Multiple comparisons showed that CYB561 expression levels were elevated in TNBC patients compared with Luminal A, Luminal B and HER2-positive patients（t=14.054, 15.899, 12.538, all P<0.001）. In addition, the difference in CYB561 expression levels in estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status was statistically significant（t=7.54, 2.51, both P<0.001）.The results of Kaplan-Meier survival analyses showed that patients in the CYB561 high-expression group showed shorter 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival than those in the CYB561 low expression group[（41.09±1.50）months vs（52.56±1.74）months,（25.39±1.99）months vs（33.42±2.34）months,（χ²=7.780, 5.219, P=0.005, 0.022）]. The results of COX regression analyses showed that the expression level of CYB561（HR=0.244, 95%CI=0.085~0.697, P=0.008）could make a difference to the survival prognosis of breast cancer patients. Conclusion CYB561 may play an important role in the development of breast cancer, and its expression level can be used as a potential biomarker for prognosis evaluation and diagnosis of breast cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of and curative effect against upper aerodigestive tract extranodal natural kill T-cell lymphoma（UAT-ENKTCL）. Methods The clinical data of primary stageⅠ/ⅡE UAT ENKTCL patients admitted to General Hospital of PLA between June 2009 and June 2020 was analyzed retrospectively, including clinical characteristics, approaches, regimens and efficacy. Results Sixty-one patients were enrolled. Treatment strategies were chemotherapy alone and chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The complete remission（CR）rate was 62.5% and 82.2%（χ²=1.714, P=0.190）. The chemotherapy regimens involved the anthracycline group, anthracycline combined with L-asparaginase group and the non-anthracycline combined with asparaginase group. The corresponding CR rate was 46.7%, 72.7%, 91.7%（χ²=91.155, P<0.001）, 5-year OS rate was 46.7%, 68.2%, 94.4%（χ²=9.893, P=0.007）, and 5-year PFS rate was 33.3%, 63.6%, 79.7%（χ²=8.575, P=0.014）in the three groups. The therapeutic effects of the non-anthracycline combined with asparaginase group were superior to the other two groups and the differences were statistically significant（P=0.007, 0.005, 0.002, 0.004）. Conclusion The chemotherapy regimen for primary stageⅠ/ⅡE UAT-ENKTCL patients based on non anthracycline combined with L-asparaginase regimens can significantly improve the efficacy.

目的 分析探讨2022年空军特色医学中心皮肤科门诊1年内不合理处方情况及原因，为今后开展处方前置审核工作、制定精细化规则提供科学、合理的决策依据，旨在提高患者用药安全。方法 回顾性分析2022年空军特色医学中心一年内皮肤科门诊处方（330 679张），通过药学系统筛选出不合理处方样本（15 602张），针对不合理处方样本中的信息进行汇总并分析影响因素和原因。结果 筛选出的不合理处方中不规范处方11 399张（73.06%），用药不适宜处方占4 199张（26.91%），超常处方4张（0.03%）。占据前5位的问题分别是：处方开嘱总量超过规定用量，有特殊情况需要适当延长处方用量但未注明理由（70.03%）；遴选的药品不适宜（7.16%）；用法、用量不适宜（7.10%）；药品剂型或给药途径不适宜（4.83%）；重复给药（4.55%）。结论 针对空军特色医学中心皮肤科门诊不合理处方问题，应查找原因，分析问题，提出解决方案，开展处方前置审核工作，提高药学服务，保障患者用药安全。

结合空军部队飞行员新机改装工作实践，总结改装过程中航卫保障工作的新发矛盾困难，提出优化相关保障制度、加强航医队伍建设和细致关注新发问题的建议，以确保为新机改装飞行员提供更好的卫生保障，顺利完成改装阶段各项任务。

Objective To investigate the incidence and related factors of elevated tumor markers in healthy physical examinees. Methods Related data was retrieved from the electronic medical record of healthy personnel who had undergone physical examinations between 2017 and 2021 in our sanatorium. Cases of positive tumor markers were followed up before changes in tumor markers and related factors were analyzed. Results The rate of elevated tumor markers was generally on the rise, and the differences were of statistical significance from 2017 to 2021（χ²=1 404.894, P<0.001）.There were significant differences in the overall distribution of elevated tumor markers between patients with prostate cancer, liver cancer or pancreatic cancer（χ²=47.556, 16.867, 24.100, all P<0.001）. The top five elevated tumor markers were CA724, CEA, CA125, SCC, CA199. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and high density lipoprotein cholesterol were the risk factors for elevated tumor markers（OR=1.023, 1.411, P=0.032, 0.037）, while being female, red blood cell count and collagen Ⅳ were protective factors against elevated serum tumor markers（OR=0.386, 0.654, 0.983, P<0.001, =0.002, <0.001）. Conclusion The incidence of elevated tumor markers in healthy people is getting increasingly high, so tumor markers screening via regular health checkups is necessary. In order to fend off tumor-related diseases, screening for tumor diseases is recommended in the annual physical examination for pilots.

Objective To explore the relationships between examination results of lumbar magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）and low back pain and/or nerve root symptoms in aircrews of different ages and aircraft types. Methods The imaging data of 453 aircrews who underwent lumbar MRI examination was retrospectively analyzed, and comparisons were made based on age, aircraft types and other data. The correlations between lumbar disc bulge and/or protrusion, low back pain, and/or nerve root symptoms in these aircrews were analyzed. Results The incidence of lumbar disc bulge and/or protrusion varied among aircrews of different age groups is a statistically significant difference（χ²=64.074, P<0.001）. The incidence in the group ages 41 to 55 was significantly higher than that of groups ages 31 to 40 and 20 to 30（χ²=12.749, 30.570, both P<0.001）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of lumbar disc bulge and/or protrusion between aircrews of fighters, transport aircraft and helicopters（χ²=0.056, P=0.972）. Disc bulge and/or protrusion was detected in 343 lumbar segments, which was more prevalent in L4/5 and L5/S1 segments than in L1/4 segments. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of lower back pain and/or nerve root symptoms between the normal lumbar spine MRI group and aircrews with lumbar disc herniation and/or protrusion（χ²=0.966, P=0.326）. Conclusion The results of lumbar MRI show that the incidence of lumbar disc degeneration is high among aircrews and similar across aircrews of different types of aircraft. The detection rate increases with age. There is no significant correlation between lumbar disc degeneration and clinical symptoms. Lumbar MRI can be used to evaluate the severity of low back pain and help opt for treatments in aircrews.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest and largest plateau in the world, characterized by low atmospheric pressure, low oxygen pressure, and a cold climate. Various systems and organs in the human body can be affected to different extents due to its unique geographical environment. The male reproductive system is particularly sensitive to low oxygen conditions, and exposure to the plateau environment may impact male sexual function and spermatogenesis, potentially leading to reduced serum hormone levels, decreased sperm quality, and damage to testicular tissue. This article summarizes the effects on and changes in human functions, the male reproductive system, and the ultrastructure of the testes under different time frames of exposure to the plateau environment.

Objective To find out the nutritional status of aircrews and explore the correlations between blood metabolism indexes and body composition indexes in order to provide data for proper nutrition and training among aircrews. Methods During health checkups, the body composition of aircrews was measured who were recuperating between July and November in our center. The metabolism-related indexes and body composition indexes of these aircrews were collected, their nutritional status was evaluated and the correlations between those indexes were analyzed. Results The abnormal rates of those indexes were high. Total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）, fasting blood glucose（FBG）, blood uric acid（BUA）were positively correlated with the body mass index（BMI）, body fat mass, body fat percentage，visceral fat area, and waist to hip ratio respectively（P<0.01）while high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）was negatively correlated with the BMI, body fat mass, body fat percentage and visceral fat area（P<0.01）. Conclusion The abnormal rates of metabolism-related indexes and body composition indexes are high. The two types of indexes are closely correlated. Body composition analysis could be included during physical examinations. Nutritionists should conduct precise nutrition assessment and dietary guidance by analyzing those indexes so as to improve the health of aircrews.

Objective To assess the potential role of routine blood, coagulation, and thyroid function indices as well as inhibin A（INH-A）levels in predicting the risk of preeclampsia（PE）. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 120 pregnant women who had delivered in Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital between July 2017 and July 2019, including 60 PE patients（experimental group）and 60 healthy pregnant women（control group）. Blood routine, coagulation, thyroid function indexes, and INH-A levels in both groups were collected and analyzed. Independent samples t-test, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve analysis were applied to assess the predictive value of these indicators for PE. Results White blood cell（WBC）count and mean platelet volume（MPV）were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group（t=2.982, 2.236, P=0.007, <0.001）, but prothrombin time（PT）and activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT）were significantly shorter（t=0.759, 13.780, both P<0.001）. The levels of thyroid stimulating hormone（TSH）and INH-A in the experimental group were higher than in the control group, while the free thyroxine（FT₄）level was lower, and the differences were statistically significant（t=5.067, 8.888, 2.657, all P<0.001）. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that MPV（OR=3.574，95%CI: 1.230~10.389, P=0.019）, TSH（OR=12.731, 95%CI: 1.565~103.545, P=0.017）, and INH-A（OR=1.020, 95%CI: 1.003~1.038, P=0.024）were risk factors for PE, while APTT（OR=0.263, 95%CI: 0.109~0.634, P=0.003）was a protective factor for PE. The area under the ROC curve for MPV was 0.794, with a sensitivity of 0.650 and a specificity of 0.500 when 10.210fl was used as the cut-off value. The area under the ROC curve for APTT was 0.974, with a cut-off value of 32.185s as the cut-off value, and the sensitivity was 0.933 and the specificity was 0.883. The area under the ROC curve for TSH was 0.853, and the sensitivity was 0.900 and the specificity was 0.550 with 3.330 mIU/L as the cut-off value. The optimal cut-off value of INH-A was 758.50 pg/mL, with a sensitivity of 0.733 and a specificity of 0.917. Conclusion MPV, PT, TSH, and INH-A levels are closely associated with the development of PE and can be used as early predictive biomarkers for PE. This study provides biological data for clinical prediction and intervention of PE.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical features and aeromedical evaluations of aircrews with hemifacial spasm（HFS）based on hospitalized cases in Air Force Medical Center and related literature in order to provide references for the treatment and aviation medical identification of HFS in pilots. Methods Using a retrospective study, the electronic case retrieval system of the Air Force Medical Center in the space of 2008-2021 and medical literature databases（from 1970 to December 2021）were searched for cases or clinical research reports of HFS in flight personnel. The general condition, data on flight, clinical manifestations, treatments, prognosis, and aviation medical identification results of the retrieved HFS patients in flight personnel were analyzed and summarized. Results Eight cases with HFS were found in this study, including 6 pilots, 1 correspondent, and 1 machinist ages 27 to 55. Three of these cases were asymptomatic and the rest were symptomatic. Three asymptomatic cases were assessed as qualified for flight by an aeromedical evaluation. One symptomatic case treated with microvascular decompression was given waiver consideration and three symptomatic cases treated with carbamazepine were given flight disqualification due to persistent symptoms. The other one experienced symptom relief without treatment and was given flying qualification. Conclusion Visual interference, eye irritation, tears, difficulties in reading and driving caused by HFS in pilots will pose a threat to flight safety. The HFS clinical scale can help to accurately evaluate the flight risk of HFS, and microvascular decompression surgery should be recommended as the optimal treatment for HFS in pilots with blood vessels accompanying facial nerves displayed on magnetic resonance imaging. Flight risks should be assessed in conjunction with the clinical symptoms, therapies and outcomes.

目的 研究连续血液净化治疗中血流方向对滤器凝血的影响。方法 选择2020年5月—2024年3月山西医科大学第二医院重症医学科收治的180例急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury，AKI）患者予以连续肾脏替代治疗（continuous renal replacement therapy，CRRT）疗法治疗，依据随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组各90例。对照组与试验组在血流方向方面的设置分别为滤器内垂直向下与滤器内垂直向上。在治疗后24 h，依据对凝血分级的评定，比对2组患者滤器凝血总发生率；观察2组患者治疗前、后的各项血液指标及跨膜压和静脉压。结果 治疗后24 h，试验组的滤器凝血发生率低于对照组（χ²=5.760，P=0.016）；治疗前，2组各项血液指标的比较结果差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05），试验组的血小板计数和D-二聚体治疗前后差值均低于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（t=5.310、11.257，P均<0.001）；治疗前，2组跨膜压、静脉压差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），而在治疗后24 h，试验组的上述2项指标均低于对照组，2组治疗前后差值的差异均具有统计学意义（t=21.295、28.215，P均<0.001）。结论 血流方向在滤器内垂直向上能有效降低CRRT治疗中滤器凝血的发生率。

Objective To explore the medical support measures for fighter pilots under the new training mode. Methods A total of 119 pilots were selected from April 2023 to July 2023 for third-generation aircraft modification training in Air Force Medical Center, and randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group was given new medical safeguards, and the control group was given traditional medical safeguards. The one-time passing rate of manned centrifuge was compared between the two groups, and the effects of aeromedicine knowledge, sleep quality, military sports performance and urban and rural differences on the passing rate were analyzed. Results After the intervention of the new medical safeguard measures, the one-time centrifuge passing rate of the experimental group was 91.67%, and the one-time centrifuge passing rate of the control group was 74.57%, with statistical significance（χ²=6.214, P=0.013）. Aeromedical knowledge（χ²=6.207, P=0.045）, military sports performance（χ²=33.261, P<0.001）, sleep quality（χ²=10.122, P=0.006）, anxiety state（χ²=8.428, P=0.014）and all had significant effects on the one-time pass rate of centrifuges, and the difference was statistically significant, while the difference between urban and rural areas had no statistically significant effect on the one-time pass rate（χ²=0.486，P=0.486）. Conclusion The new medical safeguard measures can improve the one-time passing rate of fighter pilot manned centrifuge under the new training mode.

Objective This study endeavors to undertake a comprehensive investigation into the clinical data of patients with cervical disc herniation who are receiving treatment informed by the principles of Feng's manipulation（FSM）therapy. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 21 patients diagnosed with cervical disc herniation who underwent Feng's spinal manipulation（FSM）therapy at the Air Force Medical Center from December 2021 to December 2022, 14 cases were radiculopathy type and 7 cases were myelopathy type. Outcome measures included clinical efficacy（VAS, NDI, and mJOA scores）, body posture changes（assessed using deep learning-based human key point detection technology）, joint capsule tenderness（evaluated using NRS and Wong-Baker scales）, and radiographic parameters（C₂-C₇ Cobb angle, cervical centroid line angle, CCL, lumbar lordosis, LL, thoracic kyphosis, TK, Pavlov ratio, and sagittal index, SI）. Results Compared with before treatment, both groups showed a decrease in VAS scores（P=0.001~0.017）and NDI scores（all P<0.001）at discharge and long-term follow-up, and an increase in mJOA scores（P=0.001~0.005）. The radiculopathy group demonstrated significant changes in shoulder balance angle pre- and post-treatment（F=8.589, P=0.001）. Both groups exhibited a sharp reduction in NRS and W-B scores for joint capsule tenderness after treatment of distal vertebral displacement（t=13.015~39.782, all P≤0.001）. The radiculopathy group showed increased Pavlov ratio and decreased SI after treatment（t=3.404, 4.474, P=0.005, 0.001）. Conclusion Cervical disc herniation is attributable to a comprehensive internal-external spinal imbalance. Intervention utilizing Feng's Spinal Manipulation（FSM）therapy addresses the subluxation of single or multiple vertebrae, with the ultimate goal of reinstating spinal balance and achieving clinical cure.